Introduction: Motherhood is a time of anticipation of joy for a woman, her family and her community. In spite of this fact, it is not as enjoyable as it should be because of numerous reasons. Insufficiency or lack of birth preparedness and complication readiness is the most common reason. Birth preparedness & complication readiness (BPACR) is a strategy that effectively plan birth and deals with emergencies. Objective: This study aimed to assess the Birth Preparedness and Complication Readiness (BPACR) status in antenatal mothers and its relationship with selected demographic variables and disseminate information booklet regarding BPACR. Materials and Methods: An exploratory cross-sectional study was carried out in selected PHCs of New Delhi in October-November 2017. A total of 200 women were randomly selected and interviewed using pretested structured interview schedule and the data was analysed using a computer program of SPSS version 25. Results: 50.4 percent of the respondents were found to have prepared for birth and its complications. In present study BPACR status of 156 antenatal mothers i.e. 78% was adequate and 22% (44) was found to be inadequate. Less than half of the respondents were aware on birth preparedness (44.6%) and complication readiness (43.4%). There is statistically significant relationship of BPACR with age of the mother (p=0.043), education status of the mother (p=0.037) and parity (p=0.027) at 0.05 level of significance. Conclusion: This study identified that poor knowledge, inadequate birth preparedness, and complication readiness were prevalent among mothers in the study area. Community participation and health care providers in the areas of maternal and child health should operate together to maximize birth preparedness and complication readiness practices.

Introduction: Organ transplantation has been the preferred treatment for many terminal solid organ diseases; however, increasing the numbers of people who consent to organ donation remains a significant challenge. In India, 500000 people die every year because of non-availability of organs. Very often the best solution for an end stage disease is to replace the organ. The present study aimed to assess the perception towards organ donation among the students in a selected university of New Delhi. Materials and Methods: A quantitative approach using descriptive survey design was carried out on 100 students using structured questionnaire. Convenient sampling technique was used to select the sample from the selected university of New Delhi. Results: The results of the study revealed that 76% of the subjects had a neutral perception, while only 24% of the students had a positive perception towards organ donation and none of them had negative perception. Conclusion: The study shows that the students need more awareness regarding organ donation and there is a need to improve their perception towards organ donation. Students being the pulse of the nation, should be included in campaigns and events organized to disseminate knowledge about the importance of organ donation for the country.

Background: Pregnancy loss is the traumatic life event in which the women undergo lot of physical and emotional turmoil. Grief is the common reaction to bereavement. During the grieving process the Nurse- Midwives make difference in meeting their needs to prevent grief related complications. The main objective of the study is to assess the level of grief and its related problems among women with pregnancy loss. Materials and Methods: The study design was descriptive. The setting was Obstetrics and Gynaecology ward of Christian Medical College, Vellore, South India. The population was primi and multi para women who delivered stillborn babies after 22 weeks of gestation. Computer generated Random Sampling was done and the instrument used was Perinatal Bereavement Grief Scale. Descriptive and inferential statistics were done to analyze the data. Results: The findings of the study revealed that the level of grief was severe and moderate in 22% women and mild in 56% of women. Grief was highly significant (p-value <0.01) in women with gestational age between 29-37 weeks and working women compared to house wives. The kinds of grief experienced were physical, psychological and social. The symptoms of physical grief were sleeplessness, feeling of having empty space and wishing to hold the baby. Some of the psychological feelings were longing for the baby, feel guilty and upset. Social grief expressed as others may not respect, Uncomfortable to face husbands and in laws. Conclusion: Women with pregnancy loss were found to have grief in different level. Counseling the women as early as possible can reduce the complicated grief related problems.

Evidence suggests that in countries with a high maternal mortality like India, the fear of disrespect and abuse that women often encounter in facility-based maternity care is a more powerful deterrent to use of skilled care. The purpose of the study is to assess the level of adherence of health care personnel to each component of Respectful Maternity Care and also to find out the factors influencing non-adherence. A descriptive survey with non-probability purposive sampling was used. An observation checklist and both structured and unstructured interview schedule were administered on 92 health personnel to assess the level of adherence to RMC and reasons of non-adherence. Findings of the study depicts, in physical harm area, adherence among doctors, nursing personnel and Gr-D was 81.9%, 91.6%, 79.2% respectively, in the informed consent area 41.2% (doctors) and 61.1% (nursing personnel). Adherence in the area of choice and preferences was nil and in the area of confidentiality & privacy was 48.7% (doctors), 66.7% (nursing personnel) and 39.6% (Gr-Ds). Non-adherence in the area of dignity & respect was 25.6% (doctors), 18.4% (nursing personnel), 8.3% (Gr-Ds) and in the area of abandonment or denial of care 3.5% (doctors), 4.5% (nursing personnel), 43.7% (Gr-Ds). Adherence in the area of non-discriminatory care was 100% for all and 100% adherence was found in the area of detention against will among doctors and nursing personnel except among Gr-Ds (45.8%). No significant association was found between age, experiences and level of adherence of health personnel (doctor and nursing personnel) [(?2df (1)=3.841, 0.474 & 0.287, p>0.05] respectively). No significant differences were found between level of adherence score of doctors with nursing personnel [t (78)=2.00, p>0.05]. As observed, adherence to RMC is not at the same level in each area. Least adherent areas are informed consent, choice/ preferences, privacy and detention against will among other personnel.

Maternal morbidity remains a major public health issue worldwide, with persistent high rates prevailing principally in underdeveloped countries. The objective of this study was to identify Severe Acute Maternal Morbidity (SAMM) cases and its factor among women admitted in tertiary care hospitals, Kolkata, West Bengal. The conceptual framework was based on the Health Care Quality Index model. Descriptive research design was adopted. 54 out of 125 SAMM women were sampled during data collection from indoor of Eden and R. G. Kar Medical College and hospital. Non-probability purposive sampling technique was used. A standardised WHO criterion for SAMM cases identification and a reliable (0.73) and valid structured interview schedule was used. Occurrence of SAMM cases among admitted women were 0.35%. Causes were haemorrhagic 63 (51%), sepsis 10 (8.6%), hypertension 28 (22.9%), infection 10 (8.6%) and other causes 14 (11.4%). Factors for reversal were early problem identification (26%), timely availability of transport (41%), availability of support person (7%), prompt treatment (89%) and financial support (87%). A significant association was found between causes of SAMM cases and availability of support person and blood in need [?2df (1)=4.31* and 4.11* respectively]. Odd ratio found positive (both OR: 1.3) between occurrence of SAMM cases, age and habitat. No significant difference related to cause was found between rural and urban women (‘t’ df (6)=0.56). It can be concluded that early identification and timely intervention was important for reversal from SAMM. It has a great implication in clinical nursing practice and in the community right from the conception to postnatal period.

Maternal morbidity remains a major public health issue worldwide, with persistent high rates prevailing principally in underdeveloped countries. The objective of this study was to identify Severe Acute Maternal Morbidity (SAMM) cases and its factor among women admitted in tertiary care hospitals, Kolkata, West Bengal. The conceptual framework was based on the Health Care Quality Index model. Descriptive research design was adopted. 54 out of 125 SAMM women were sampled during data collection from indoor of Eden and R. G. Kar Medical College and hospital. Non-probability purposive sampling technique was used. A standardised WHO criterion for SAMM cases identification and a reliable (0.73) and valid structured interview schedule was used. Occurrence of SAMM cases among admitted women were 0.35%. Causes were haemorrhagic 63 (51%), sepsis 10 (8.6%), hypertension 28 (22.9%), infection 10 (8.6%) and other causes 14 (11.4%). Factors for reversal were early problem identification (26%), timely availability of transport (41%), availability of support person (7%), prompt treatment (89%) and financial support (87%). A significant association was found between causes of SAMM cases and availability of support person and blood in need [?2df (1)=4.31* and 4.11* respectively]. Odd ratio found positive (both OR: 1.3) between occurrence of SAMM cases, age and habitat. No significant difference related to cause was found between rural and urban women (‘t’ df (6)=0.56). It can be concluded that early identification and timely intervention was important for reversal from SAMM. It has a great implication in clinical nursing practice and in the community right from the conception to postnatal period.

Background: Learning environment has a significant role in determining students’ academic achievement and learning. Learning environment refers to the diverse physical locations, contexts, and cultures in which students learn. Outside the classroom, undergraduate students have a decided preference to use the library for their academic work. Nursing professionals need a wide variety of health information to meet their clinical and educational needs. Materials and Methods: Quantitative non-experimental research approach was conducted to assess the opinion of nursing students regarding the choice of library as their preferred learning space at Rufaida College of Nursing, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India. The samples were 104 nursing students of B.Sc. (Hons) nursing 3rd and 4th year, DGNM 3rd year, Post-basic nursing 2nd year and M.Sc. 2nd year. A structured opinionnaire was used to collect data from the samples. Results: The results of the study revealed that out of 104 nursing students, majority (57.69%) of the nursing students spent 1-2 hours per week in library. Majority (81.73%) of nursing students had favorable opinion regarding choice of library as their preferred learning space. Conclusion: The major conclusion drawn from the study was that although most of the students had a favorable opinion regarding choice of library as their preferred learning space, yet they spent less hours in the library. The study concludes that a university library should be designed in a way that its environment supports learning, which would indeed increase the footfall in the libraries.

Introduction: Pre-conception Care and Pre-conception Health is the major concern in the worldwide including India. Despite of recent acknowledgement of the importance of pre-conception care, many women remain under-informed. Eugenics are the methods acquired by women for having physically and psychologically healthy conception and pregnancy. This study has been designed in order to compare knowledge, attitude & expressed practices of the urban and rural married women regarding eugenics in Barara Village, Holy Village and MCH Barara. Materials and Methods: Purposive sampling method was adopted. The necessary data were gathered with a self-structured questionnaire. Comparisons of frequency of variables between urban and rural areas were tested by chi square test, t test, Pearson test and ANOVA test. Results: A total of 150 and 168 married women were selected from urban and rural areas respectively. In Urban areas, majority of the married women were in the age group of 29-35 years whereas in rural areas, they were in 22-28 years. Knowledge level was average among urban areas as compared to the below average level in rural areas whereas, level of attitude among both areas was moderately favorable towards eugenics. Non-Traditional practices towards eugenics were more practiced in both urban and rural areas. Conclusion: Knowledge, attitude, and expressed practice levels towards eugenics were not acceptable in order to achieve the sustainable goal of reduced maternal and infant mortality rate. There is a need of planning an educational based intervention to achieve sustainable developmental goals

Background of the Study: Geriatric population is challenged by many psychiatric co-morbidity. Depression is the most predominant disorder affecting quality of life in elderly. Depression is a major contributor to healthcare costs and is projected to be the leading cause of disease burden in middle and higher income countries by the year 2030. Depression in later life, traditionally defined as age older than 65, is associated with disability, increased mortality and poorer outcomes from physical illness. Objectives: The objectives of the study were to assess perceived depressive feelings experienced by elderly living with family members in a selected community of New Delhi and to find out relationship between perceived depressive feelings with selected demographic variables. Materials and Methods: A descriptive survey design was adopted for the study. Sample comprised of total 100 elderly people above the age of 60 years from a selected community of New Delhi through convenient sampling technique. Structured interview schedule was used to collect the data. Results: Data was analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Major findings are as follows: Maximum 54% of the elderly were in the age group of 60-65 yrs., 53% of the elderly were female and 47% were male, 60% of the elderly were Hindu, 31% of the elderly were illiterate and 22% had primary education. With regard to depressive feelings experienced by elderly it was found 63% of the elderly had feeling of memory loss, 63% of elderly found it hard to start new projects, 61% of elderly client felt hopeless about future, 59% of elderly clients preferred staying at home rather than going out and doing something new, 53% of elderly client had dropped interest in most activities in life, 48% had bothering thoughts that they could not get rid of, 43% were unhappy most of time, 47% were feeling helplessness. Results showed that 63% of the elderly were mildly depressed, 23% of the elderly were normal and only 14% of the elderly were severely depressed. No significant association was found between depression and Selected demographic variables.

Introduction: Adolescence is a period when the individual is vulnerable and exposure to sexually implicit/ explicit programs on television and internet can influence their sexual behaviour and make them more permissive towards premarital sex, which is known to influence their academic performance. Keeping this in view, an exploratory study was done to assess the reproductive sexual health behaviour and its relationship with academic performance among adolescent students in the selected school of Manipur. The main objectives of the study were to identify sexual health behaviour among adolescent students, to study the factors responsible for the development of risky sexual health behaviour among adolescent students, to assess the academic performance of the adolescent students and to establish relationship between risky sexual health behaviour and academic performance. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted in Jawahar Navodaya Vidyalaya located in Chandel District of Manipur State. A quantitative research approach was used to achieve the objectives of the study. A non-probability sampling method was adopted and a convenience sampling technique was employed for the study. Data was collected via structured questionnaire from 100 students belonging to the age group of 16-18 years studying in 11th and 12th class. Results: 75 per cent of adolescent students were found to be in romantic relationship, 25 per cent of the students reported to have dropped out from school due to unplanned/ premarital pregnancy, 12 per cent of the students reported having indulged in sexual intercourse and these same students used condoms as a protective measure during the intercourse and 50 per cent of the students reported having watched porn. There was significant relationship between reproductive sexual heath behaviour and academic performance among adolescent students. Conclusion: Sexual health education helps students protect their sexual health and avoid these negative outcomes. By providing sexual health education programs, schools can support student health and foster their academic achievement.

Breast cancer now accounts for almost one in four cancers diagnosed in women, the second leading cause of cancer deaths in women today (after lung cancer). According to Globocan 2012, India along with United States and China collectively accounts for almost one third of the global breast cancer burden. India is facing challenging situation due to 11.54% increases in incidence and 13.82% increase in mortality due to breast cancer during 2008-2012.1 The present study was conducted to assess the knowledge of breast self-examination among college girls. A descriptive research design was used to conduct the study. The study was conducted among the college girls of a selected college of Delhi (Rufaida College of Nursing, Jamia Hamdard). The sample size was 70 and the subject was selected using the convenient sampling technique. A structured questionnaire was developed to assess the knowledge of breast self-examination among college girls. Findings of the present revealed that majority of the subjects (88.6%) possess previous information of breast cancer, while few of the subjects (11.4%) were not aware much about the breast cancer. The study concludes that emphasis should be given to the studies that are related to the breast self-examination as there is an urgent need to look after the issues of growing risk of breast cancer and their poor health seeking behavior in young age.

Introduction: Active Management of Third Stage of Labour (AMTSL) as a prophylactic intervention is composed of a package of three components. WHO recommendations have supported active management of the third stage of labour (AMTSL) as a critical intervention for PPH prevention. The study aimed to assess the knowledge and practice of AMTSL among nursing students in selected hospitals, Gangtok, Sikkim. Materials and Methods: Investigators adopted quantitative approach with descriptive co-relational research design where 40 students were selected by convenient sampling technique. Validated structured knowledge questionnaire and observational checklist were used to collect the data. Pretesting and reliability of the tool was done which was found to be reliable. Results: The findings revealed that majority of the students i.e. out of 40 students, 33 (82.5%) had average knowledge, 5 (15%) students had poor knowledge and 1 (2.5%) had good knowledge. Majority 21 (52.5%) had poor practice and 19 (47.5%) had good practice on AMTSL. There was a positive correlation between knowledge and practice of AMTSL among nursing students which means with the increase of knowledge, the practice of AMTSL improves. Also, there was an association of practice with the number of return demonstration shown to the supervisor. Conclusion: Knowledge of Active Management of Third Stage of labor is a vital possession for the nurses and birth attendants to be skillful in the practice of AMTSL to prevent post-partum hemorrhage and other obstetric complication, which may risk the life of the women. Knowledge based skill is optimal solution for reducing the maternal mortality rate.